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Performance index of steel structure and steel structure

Abstract:Steel Structure Materials is one of the main types of building structure, which is commonly used with traditional wood structure, concrete structure and brick concrete structure.

What Is Steel Structure What Is The Performance Index Of Steel Structure Materials
What is steel structure

Steel structure  Materials is a structure composed of steel materials, which is one of the main types of building structures.

Steel Structure Materials has been reasonably and widely used in the field of construction engineering all over the world, especially in developed countries and regions.

The steel structure industry is usually divided into five sub categories: light steel structure, high-rise steel structure, residential steel structure, space steel structure and bridge steel structure.

The Steel Structure Materials is mainly composed of beam steel, steel column, steel truss and other components made of section steel and steel plate, and adopts rust removal and rust prevention processes such as silylation, pure manganese phosphating, water washing and drying, galvanizing and so on.

The members or components are usually connected by welds, bolts or rivets.

Steel structures are mainly used in bridges, buildings, lighthouses, ships and other fields.

In addition to steel structure, there are wood structure, concrete structure, brick concrete structure and other structures.

What Is Steel Structure? What Is The Performance Index Of Steel Structure Materials
Performance index of steel structure materials
1. Strength

The strength index of steel is determined by elastic limit σ e. Yield limit σ y. And tensile limit σ u. The design is based on the yield strength of steel.

High yield strength can reduce the self weight of the structure, save steel and reduce the cost. tensile strength σ U is the maximum stress that the steel can bear before failure.

At this time, the structure loses its service performance due to large plastic deformation,

but the structural deformation is large and does not collapse, which meets the requirements of the structure to resist rare earthquake‘ σ u/ σ The value of y can be regarded as the parameter of steel strength reserve.

2. Plasticity

The plasticity of steel generally means that after the stress exceeds the yield point, it has the property of significant plastic deformation without fracture.

The main index to measure the plastic deformation capacity of steel is elongation δ And reduction of area ψ。

3. Cold bending performance

The cold bending performance of steel is to measure the resistance of steel to cracks when plastic deformation occurs during bending at room temperature.

The cold bending performance of steel is to test the bending deformation performance of steel under the specified bending degree by cold bending experiment.

4. Impact toughness

The impact toughness of steel refers to the ability of steel to absorb mechanical kinetic energy in the fracture process under impact load.

It is a mechanical property to measure the resistance of steel to impact load cutting, which may lead to brittle fracture due to low temperature and stress concentration.

Generally, the impact toughness index of steel is obtained through the impact test of standard specimens.

What Is Steel Structure What Is The Performance Index Of Steel Structure Materials
5. Weldability

The welding performance of steel refers to the welding joint with good performance under certain welding process conditions.

Welding performance can be divided into welding performance in welding process and welding performance in service performance.

The welding performance in the welding process refers to the sensitivity that the weld and the metal near the weld do not produce thermal cracks or cooling shrinkage cracks during cooling.

Good welding performance means that there is no crack in the weld metal and nearby base metal under certain welding process conditions.

The welding performance in service performance refers to the impact toughness at the weld and the ductility in the heat affected zone.

It is required that the mechanical properties of the weld and the steel in the heat affected zone shall not be lower than those of the base metal.

China adopts the welding performance test method of welding process and the welding performance test method of usability.

6. Durability
There are many factors affecting the durability of steel.
1).First, the corrosion resistance of steel is poor, and protective measures must be taken to prevent corrosion and rust of steel.
2).Protective measures include: regularly maintain the steel paint, adopt galvanized steel, and adopt special protective measures under the conditions of strong corrosive media such as acid, alkali and salt.
3).For example, the offshore platform structure adopts “anode protection” measures to prevent the corrosion of the jacket, fix the zinc ingot on the jacket, and the seawater electrolyte will automatically corrode the zinc ingot first, so as to achieve the function of protecting the steel jacket.
4).Secondly, because the failure strength of steel under high temperature and long-term load is much lower than that under short-term load, the lasting strength of steel under long-term high temperature should be measured.
5).Steel will automatically harden and become brittle over time, that is, the phenomenon of “aging”.
The impact toughness of steel under low temperature load shall be tested.
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